![]() It eventually became isolated, its economy slumped and Aksum's commercial domination of the region ended. The Aksumite empire fell into decline with the rise of Islam in the Arabian peninsula, which slowly shifted trade away from the Christian Aksum. Ezana's reign is also when the Aksumites first identified themselves as " Ethiopians", and not long after, Philostorgius became the first foreign author to call the Aksumites Ethiopians. In the early fourth century, during the reign of Ezana, Christianity was declared the state religion. In the first century AD the Aksumite Kingdom rose to power in the modern Tigray Region with its capital at Aksum and grew into a major power on the Red Sea, subjugating South Arabia and Meroe and its surrounding areas. One of the first kingdoms to rise to power in the territory was the kingdom of D'mt in the 10th century BC, which established its capital at Yeha. In the central and south were found the ancient Sidama and Semitic Gurage, among others. In the Eastern escarpment of the Ethiopian highlands and more so the lowlands was the home of the Harari/Harla that founded Sultanates such as Ifat and Adal and the Afars. Abyssinia or rather "Ze Etiyopia" was ruled by the Semitic Abyssinians (Habesha) composed mainly of the Amhara, Tigrayans and the Cushitic Agaw. Medieval map of Ethiopia, including the ancient lost city of Barara, which is located in modern-day Addis AbabaĮthiopia is one of the oldest countries in Africa the emergence of Ethiopian civilization dates back thousands of years. ![]()
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